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TCP vs UDP: what's the difference?
TCP and UDP are the two main ways data travels over the internet. TCP is reliable but slower; UDP is fast but lossy. Here's when each one is used.
What is HTTP/3? A plain explanation
The newest version of HTTP runs on QUIC, a transport built on UDP instead of TCP. Here's what changes — and why pages feel faster with it.
TLS versions explained: from SSL 3.0 to TLS 1.3
Every TLS version from SSL 3.0 to TLS 1.3 explained — what changed, what broke, and why old versions are now disabled by default.
What are WebSockets? A plain explanation
WebSockets keep a two-way connection between browser and server open, so either side can send data any time. Here's how the handshake, frames, and close codes work — and when to use them.
OSI model explained: the 7 layers of networking
The OSI model explained: what the 7 layers (physical to application) do, how data moves through them, and how the model compares with the real TCP/IP stack.
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